Finely ground glass powders are sifted and then fused to the surface of the copper. Glass enamel powder melts and fuses between 750 degrees and 850 degrees Celsius.

These torch-fired pieces have up to 7 different layers of glass. The resulting colour blends are difficult to duplicate, making each piece one of a kind.

Torch enameling allows for intentional under or over-firing of the pieces, resulting in texture and dimension that is harder to achieve with kiln-fired enamels.

Kiln firing can be more predictable and precise, and finer finishes can be achieved with this firing method.